2018职称英语阅读理解篇章辅导「卫生A」

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　　Sleeplessness

　　Insomnia or sleeplessness is a common complaint1 of women as they enter into menopause. Insomnia means having trouble falling asleep or staying asleep or the feeling that your sleep was not adequate for you. For women who are having night sweats, their sleep is broken by frequent awakening and therefore not refreshing. Generally once2 the night sweats are controlled a normal sleep pattern returns. If it doesn't it may be, or have become chronic insomnia.3 How do you know?

　　If you suffer from insomnia every night or most nights for a period of one month then you have chronic insomnia. If you're not having night sweats then it's time to look for other causes of sleeplessness. Depression and anxiety disorders are the most common causes of chronic insomnia. If you feel depressed you need to be checked by a qualified health care provider5. Movement disorders such as restless leg syndrome are second on the list6 of insomnia for them; there are new medicines that may help. Other common causes are shift working, and pain.

　　In up to7 30% of people with chronic insomnia no cause can be identified. Medical treatment of these people has generally been with sleeping pills. It is estimated that 25% of the adult population in America took some type of medicines for sleep last year. It is generally agreed that sleeping pills should only be in the lowest dose8 and for the shortest possible time.

　　Sleep hygiene9 is directed at changing bad sleep habits. The recommendations are： 一 Go to bed only when sleepy. 一Do not wait up to a specified time. 一Avoid caffeine and alcohol in the evening, etc.

　　词汇：

　　insomnia 失目民，失眠症 qualified 有资格的，胜任的，具备必要条件的

　　syndrome .综合病症，综合症 状 identify 识别，鉴定

　　dose (药物等的)(一次)剂量，一 剂，一服

　　hygiene卫生，卫生学，保健学 recommendation .劝告，建议;推荐

　　specify 具体指定，明确说明 caffeine 咖啡因，咖啡碱

　　complaint.疾病;抱怨，诉苦 menopause 绝经，绝经 期，更年期

　　refreshing提神的，凉爽的，清 凉的' chronic (疾病)慢‘性的 depression 抑郁，沮丧，消沉 disorder (身、心机能的)紊 舌L,不适,病

　　注释：

　　1.complaint:此处意为“疾病”。

　　2.once:—旦(引导时间状语从句)

　　3.If it doesn't it may be, or have become chronic insomnia.如果正常的睡眠规律不能恢复，则可 能成为或已经成为慢性失眠了。If k doesn't中的k指上一句提到的normal sleep pattern。

　　4. How do you know?是 How do you know if it may be or have become chronic insomnia?的省略。

　　5.a qualified health care provider：—个合格的保健工作者，这里泛指医生或健康咨询专家等。

　　6.second on the list:在名单上列第二，即从重要性来看位于第二。

　　7.up to:接近

　　8.in the lowest dose:用最小剂量

　　9.sleep hygiene:睡眠的卫生，指与睡眠有关的一系列健康习惯。

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